Books » Summary of the Rules of Worship
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Prayer of Signs (Ṣalāt al-Ᾱyāt) →
← Traveler’s Prayer
Qaḍā Prayer
Issue 111: If a person does not perform his daily obligatory prayers or performs them incorrectly until the time for the prayer has passed, he must make up (qaḍā) for that prayer outside its prescribed time. There are three exceptions to this rule:
1. Prayers missed by a child who has not reached puberty, an insane person, or an unconscious person, provided that the unconsciousness was not due to his own actions. If it was, the obligatory precaution is that he should make up the prayer.
2. Prayers missed by a woman during menstruation or postnatal bleeding.
3. Prayers missed by an original non-Muslim, not an apostate.
Issue 112: Qaḍā prayers for daily obligatory prayers can be performed whether a person is traveling or not, and at any time of day or night. However, a prayer missed while at home should be made up in full, even if the person is traveling when performing the qaḍā. Conversely, a prayer missed while traveling should be made up as a shortened prayer, even if the person is not traveling when performing the qaḍā.
Issue 113: If a person misses a prayer while being a traveler at the beginning of the prayer time and a non-traveler at the end (or vice versa), the qaḍā prayer should reflect his status at the end of the prayer time. Therefore, if the person was a traveler at the end of the prayer time, he should perform the qaḍā prayer as a shortened prayer, even if he is now in his hometown. If he was not a traveler at the end of the prayer time, he should perform the qaḍā prayer in full, even if he is now traveling.
Issue 114: It is not necessary to observe sequence (tartīb) when making up daily obligatory prayers, except for prayers where the sequence is a condition for their validity, such as the Ẓuhr (noon) and ʿAṣr (afternoon) prayers of the same day, or the Maghrib (sunset) and ʿIshā (night) prayers of the same night. Thus, it is not permissible to perform the qaḍā of the ʿAṣr prayer before the Ẓuhr prayer of the same day.
Issue 115: If a believer does not perform his prayer due to an excuse and does not make up for it until he dies, and he had the opportunity to do so, it is obligatory, based on precaution, for the eldest son to make up for these prayers on behalf of the deceased. This is provided that the eldest son was not a minor or insane at the time of the father's death and was not legally disinherited. In these cases, the obligation does not apply to the eldest son. The eldest son does not need to perform the prayers personally; he can hire someone to do so. If someone else undertakes to perform the deceased's qaḍā prayers, the eldest son is relieved of this duty. If the father deliberately neglected his prayers, the eldest son is not obligated to make them up.
Prayer of Signs (Ṣalāt al-Ᾱyāt) →
← Traveler’s Prayer
1. Prayers missed by a child who has not reached puberty, an insane person, or an unconscious person, provided that the unconsciousness was not due to his own actions. If it was, the obligatory precaution is that he should make up the prayer.
2. Prayers missed by a woman during menstruation or postnatal bleeding.
3. Prayers missed by an original non-Muslim, not an apostate.
Issue 112: Qaḍā prayers for daily obligatory prayers can be performed whether a person is traveling or not, and at any time of day or night. However, a prayer missed while at home should be made up in full, even if the person is traveling when performing the qaḍā. Conversely, a prayer missed while traveling should be made up as a shortened prayer, even if the person is not traveling when performing the qaḍā.
Issue 113: If a person misses a prayer while being a traveler at the beginning of the prayer time and a non-traveler at the end (or vice versa), the qaḍā prayer should reflect his status at the end of the prayer time. Therefore, if the person was a traveler at the end of the prayer time, he should perform the qaḍā prayer as a shortened prayer, even if he is now in his hometown. If he was not a traveler at the end of the prayer time, he should perform the qaḍā prayer in full, even if he is now traveling.
Issue 114: It is not necessary to observe sequence (tartīb) when making up daily obligatory prayers, except for prayers where the sequence is a condition for their validity, such as the Ẓuhr (noon) and ʿAṣr (afternoon) prayers of the same day, or the Maghrib (sunset) and ʿIshā (night) prayers of the same night. Thus, it is not permissible to perform the qaḍā of the ʿAṣr prayer before the Ẓuhr prayer of the same day.
Issue 115: If a believer does not perform his prayer due to an excuse and does not make up for it until he dies, and he had the opportunity to do so, it is obligatory, based on precaution, for the eldest son to make up for these prayers on behalf of the deceased. This is provided that the eldest son was not a minor or insane at the time of the father's death and was not legally disinherited. In these cases, the obligation does not apply to the eldest son. The eldest son does not need to perform the prayers personally; he can hire someone to do so. If someone else undertakes to perform the deceased's qaḍā prayers, the eldest son is relieved of this duty. If the father deliberately neglected his prayers, the eldest son is not obligated to make them up.
