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← Conditions for Recipients of Zakāt
Second Category: Zakāt al-Fiṭr
Issue 145: The conditions for the obligation of Zakāt al-Fiṭr are as follows:
1. One must be an adult.
2. He must be sane and not unconscious.
3. He must be wealthy, meaning not poor, as explained in Issue 143.
Therefore, if these conditions are met a little before sunset on the last day of Ramaḍān until the early moments of the night of Eid al-Fiṭr, it becomes obligatory to give Zakāt al-Fiṭr on behalf of oneself and those who are commonly considered dependent on him for sustenance, even if he is not obligated to support them. Rather, the obligatory precaution is that if these conditions are met between the sunset of the night of Eid al-Fiṭr and noon on Eid day, Zakāt al-Fiṭr is also obligatory.
Issue 146: It is recommended for a poor person to pay Zakāt al-Fiṭr on behalf of himself and those who are dependent on him. If he has only enough to cover the Fitr Zakāt for one person, he is allowed to give it on behalf of himself to a member of his family with the intention of Zakāt al-Fiṭr. That person can then give it to another family member with the same intention, and this process can continue until it reaches the last person, who then gives the Zakāt al-Fiṭr to another poor person outside of their family.
Issue 147: The amount of Zakāt al-Fiṭr for each person is approximately three kilograms of common food items in his city, such as wheat, barley, dates, raisins, etc. The individual can also pay the monetary equivalent of these items. The necessary precaution is not to give food items that are uncommon in his city, even if they are wheat, barley, dates, or raisins.
Issue 148: It is permissible to separate and pay Zakāt al-Fiṭr during the month of Ramaḍān before the time of its obligation. Someone who does not intend to perform the Eid prayer can delay paying the Fitr Zakāt until before noon (adhan) on Eid day. However, someone who performs the Eid prayer, the obligatory precaution is separate Zakāt al-Fiṭr before the prayer. If the individual does not pay or separate Zakāt al-Fiṭr by noon (Adhān) on Eid day, he must, as an obligatory precaution, pay it later with the intention of getting closer to Allah, without specifying it as adāʾ (within the prescribed time) or qaḍāʾ (out of time).
Issue 149: Once Zakāt al-Fiṭr is set aside, it is determined and cannot be used for anything else, nor can it be replaced by other money.
Issue 150: Zakāt al-Fiṭr must be given to the poor and needy who are eligible for Zakāt (refer to Issue 143). However, if the payer is a non-Hashemite (non-Sayyid), he cannot give his Zakāt al-Fiṭr to a Hashemite Sayyid. Additionally, it is not permissible to give Zakāt al-Fiṭr to anyone whose support is obligatory on the payer, such as parents, spouse, or children.
Issue 151: It is permissible to transfer Zakāt al-Fiṭr to another city to deliver it to a religious authority, even if there are eligible recipients in the payer's city. However, if there are needy individuals in the payer's city, Zakāt al-Fiṭr should not, as an obligatory precaution, be transferred to another city for someone other than a religious authority.
Rules of Khums →
← Conditions for Recipients of Zakāt
1. One must be an adult.
2. He must be sane and not unconscious.
3. He must be wealthy, meaning not poor, as explained in Issue 143.
Therefore, if these conditions are met a little before sunset on the last day of Ramaḍān until the early moments of the night of Eid al-Fiṭr, it becomes obligatory to give Zakāt al-Fiṭr on behalf of oneself and those who are commonly considered dependent on him for sustenance, even if he is not obligated to support them. Rather, the obligatory precaution is that if these conditions are met between the sunset of the night of Eid al-Fiṭr and noon on Eid day, Zakāt al-Fiṭr is also obligatory.
Issue 146: It is recommended for a poor person to pay Zakāt al-Fiṭr on behalf of himself and those who are dependent on him. If he has only enough to cover the Fitr Zakāt for one person, he is allowed to give it on behalf of himself to a member of his family with the intention of Zakāt al-Fiṭr. That person can then give it to another family member with the same intention, and this process can continue until it reaches the last person, who then gives the Zakāt al-Fiṭr to another poor person outside of their family.
Issue 147: The amount of Zakāt al-Fiṭr for each person is approximately three kilograms of common food items in his city, such as wheat, barley, dates, raisins, etc. The individual can also pay the monetary equivalent of these items. The necessary precaution is not to give food items that are uncommon in his city, even if they are wheat, barley, dates, or raisins.
Issue 148: It is permissible to separate and pay Zakāt al-Fiṭr during the month of Ramaḍān before the time of its obligation. Someone who does not intend to perform the Eid prayer can delay paying the Fitr Zakāt until before noon (adhan) on Eid day. However, someone who performs the Eid prayer, the obligatory precaution is separate Zakāt al-Fiṭr before the prayer. If the individual does not pay or separate Zakāt al-Fiṭr by noon (Adhān) on Eid day, he must, as an obligatory precaution, pay it later with the intention of getting closer to Allah, without specifying it as adāʾ (within the prescribed time) or qaḍāʾ (out of time).
Issue 149: Once Zakāt al-Fiṭr is set aside, it is determined and cannot be used for anything else, nor can it be replaced by other money.
Issue 150: Zakāt al-Fiṭr must be given to the poor and needy who are eligible for Zakāt (refer to Issue 143). However, if the payer is a non-Hashemite (non-Sayyid), he cannot give his Zakāt al-Fiṭr to a Hashemite Sayyid. Additionally, it is not permissible to give Zakāt al-Fiṭr to anyone whose support is obligatory on the payer, such as parents, spouse, or children.
Issue 151: It is permissible to transfer Zakāt al-Fiṭr to another city to deliver it to a religious authority, even if there are eligible recipients in the payer's city. However, if there are needy individuals in the payer's city, Zakāt al-Fiṭr should not, as an obligatory precaution, be transferred to another city for someone other than a religious authority.
